Divorce procedure

Divorce proceedings are started by filing a divorce petition at court.

The Grounds for Divorce

There is only one legal ground for divorce, which is that the marriage has irretrievably broken down. The person who starts proceedings, (called the Petitioner) must prove that the marriage has irretrievably broken down by establishing one of the following five conditions:

  • Their partner (called the Respondent) has committed adultery and the Petitioner finds it intolerable to live with the Respondent.
  • The Respondent has behaved in such a way (unreasonable behaviour) that the Petitioner cannot reasonably be expected to live with the Respondent.
  • The Respondent has deserted the Petitioner for a continuous period of at least two years in the period immediately before proceedings are started.
  • Both partners of the marriage have lived apart for a continuous period of at least two years immediately before proceedings are started, and the Respondent agrees to the decree being granted.
  • Both partners of the marriage have lived apart for a continuous period of at least five years immediately before proceedings are started.

The Divorce Procedure

The vast majority of divorces are undefended. Most people will acknowledge that a marriage has broken down. Generally, who petitions whom and the 'fact' on which the divorce proceeds are based aren’t really of consequence when dealing with the other issues that arise on the breakdown of a marriage, such as all the financial matters and the issues affecting the children.

How long will it take?

An undefended divorce will normally take between four to six months from the date of commencement to the decree nisi. The Petitioner then has to wait a further six weeks before applying for the decree absolute. It is quite usual not to apply for the decree absolute until the finances and other important matters have been sorted out. The decree absolute legally dissolves the marriage.

If the procedure is undefended neither partner has to attend court.

Ending a Civil Partnership

If you are a civil partner in a same sex relationship and your civil partnership has broken down, then you apply for the dissolution of a civil partnership. The process is very similar to that of divorce. The principal difference is that you cannot rely on the other person’s adultery as a reason for the irretrievable breakdown of your civil partnership.

Judicial Separation Proceedings

Judicial separation proceedings can be started on the same basis as a divorce petition. The difference between the two is that a judicial separation petition does not terminate the marriage. Neither partner will be free to remarry. Proceedings of this kind are most usually used only by people who have a moral or religious objection to divorce. They are fairly rare.

If you are affected by the situations we describe, and want further help, contact Ruth Bross or Sharon Bennett.